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Agrobizness un lauki skaitļosPilot project: Farm Register in LatviaJānis Lapiņš, Ilzīte Gramberga, Ligita Ārgale, Valija Grundāne, Uldis Ainārs, Centrālā statistikas pārvalde
04.02.1999 Sākums šodienas lauksaimniecības statistikas pamatam Latvijā - saimniecību reģistram. Reģistra izveidošanas pilotprojekta gala ziņojums. Pieļauju, ka vēsturiski unikāls materiāls. ### Lasāmā formātā pievienots kā PDF fails, un, oriģināla saglabāšanas nolūkā - arī WORD fails Pievienotie dokumenti1. PDF versija2. WORD oriģināls 3. Lauku saimniecību reģistra aptaujas veidlapa PDF
Pilot project: Farm Register in Latvia
Final Report
Riga, 1998
1. Introduction 3 2. Methodology used in Pilot Project 3 3. Preparing of data for pre-printing questionnaires 4 4. Organisation of the field work 8 5. Data verification and data entry 9 6. Structure of Farm register in Pilot Project 9 7. Data analysis 11 8. Legislation problems 29 9. Financial aspects of the Pilot study 30 10. Conclusions and recommendations 30 11. Annex 1. Organisation of the main project “Farm Register in Latvia” 31 12. Annex 2. Timetable for the main project “Farm Register in Latvia” 38 13. Annex 3. Project of Farm register structure 39 14. Annex 4. Description of data files received from the Land Cadaster 42 15. Annex 5. Description of data files received from the Population Register 43 16. Annex 6. Questionnaire “A” 44 17. Annex 7. Questionnaire “B” 46 18. Annex 7. Questionnaire “J” 48
1. Introduction
During The meeting of 3 Baltic and 3 Nordic countries in September 1997 it was found that in Latvia it does not exist any Farm Register as basis for organising agriculture surveys and for production of agriculture statistics. In final conclusions of that meeting it was recommended to consider the possibility to start a joint project of the Central Statistic Bureau in Latvia (CSB) and the Joint Council for Economic Studies in the Food Sector of Sweden (Joint Council) in building up the Farm Register in Latvia. This is why the pre-study and the Pilot-study were carried out to see what the register ought to contain and how it can be constructed in practice.
A pre-study to a Farm Register in Latvia was carried out in the spring 1998. The work was a joint project of CSB and Joint Council, where Sweden contributed with a consult in three month.
One of the results of the pre-study was a project plan for a Pilot-study to be carried out in April - December 1998. The pilot-study started in the middle of April. Merging different registers, creating questionnaires, interviews of the farmers (fieldwork) and data entry of questionnaires was finished in August.
During the whole Pilot project the CSB team closely co-operate with the Joint Council for Economic Studies in the Food Sector of Sweden. The CSB team consists of Janis Lapins (responsible person of the project from the CSB side), Ilzite Gramberga, Ligita Argale, Valija Grundane, and Uldis Ainars. From the Joint Council Per Eklund (responsible person of the project from the Joint Councel side), Per Persson, and Rolf Relander participated in carrying out the Pilot project. Weekly telephone and Email contacts with Mr. Per Eklund, the consultant of Joint Council for Pilot-study, were of great importance for successful realisation of Pilot study. In the description of the main project “Farm Register in Latvia” (Annex 1) we have closely followed the general scheme and recommendations developed by Mr. Per Eklund during Pilot study. The CSB of Latvia would like to express deep gratitude to the Swedish partners for a fruitful co-operation during the Pilot-study.
2. Methodology used in Pilot Project
During the Pilot project two different approaches of building the Farm Register were tested.
2.1. Approach based on the Household Register
The first approach was considered as the main approach and it was used in 6 pagasts. This approach was based on usage of the Land Cadaster Register and Household Register. At first the household register was computerised in two districts (Balvi district and Talsi district where the Pilot study took place). For the Pilot project it was extremely important to have person codes for all members in the household register. Therefore just before the computerisation of the Household Register the pagast administration was asked to add person code for all persons living in the pagast who had not it in the Household Register. Simultaneously other information of the Household Register was updated, too. Using the person code as a key variable the Household Register was merged with the Land Cadaster Register of corresponding pagasts. Thus the new data base was created containing all households having at least one land property/usage in the Land Cadaster Register. Using this data base in questionnaires “A” the information on all household members of age 16 years and over as well as all information on land properties and usage of household members were pre-printed. All land properties and usage of any household member situated outside the pagast he/she is living in were pre-printed, too.
To those persons having land property/usage within at least one of 6 pagasts and living outside these pagasts the questionnaire “B” was send. The person name, person code and information about land properties and usage of such person were pre-printed.
Respondents were asked to check and adjust all the pre-printed information, to add information on all cases of renting and/or renting out a land, to estimate the value of the agricultural production (excluding forest) of the farm/household during the last 12 months, and to select what type of agricultural farm it is (crop production at least 67%, or animal production at least 67%, or garden production at least 67%, or mixed production, or other production). Respondents of questionnaires “B” were asked to give the information on all members of their household of age 16 years and over (names and person codes).
2.2. Approach based on the Land Cadaster Register only
The second approach was applied in 2 pagasts (one pagast in Balvi district and one pagast in Talsi district). This approach was based on usage of the Land Cadaster Register only. It was important to test this approach because it does not require Household Register at all. Thus it can be successfully used in pagasts where for some reason Household Register does not exist or is of pure quality.
According to the second approach to all persons having land property/usage within a pagast the questionnaire “B” was sent. The person name, person code and information about land properties and usage of such person were pre-printed in the questionnaire.
3. Preparing of data for pre-printing questionnaires and pre-printing
3.1. Computerisation of the Household Register
The household register of all households living within one pagast is available at administration of pagast. As a rule this register is in a paper version - a separate sheet for each household. Unfortunately this register does not always contain for each person his/her identification code. Therefore before starting the computerisation of household register administration of pagasts were asked to complete household register. In some pagasts household register was already computerised. Nevertheless its structure usually does not correspond to the demands of Pilot project. For example, sometimes pagast has simply register of persons living in pagast without any identification variable of household allowing identify persons belonging to the same household. In one pagast household register was made as a Word document.
In all cases when it was possible to adapt the computerised version of household register corresponding work was done.
For those pagasts where household register existed only in paper version a special data entry program was prepared. The data entry program of the Household Register was made in Data Base Management System MS ACCESS. The database consists of several tables. There are two main tables - the Household Table and the Person Table.
The structure of the Household Table is as follows: · ID (a unique identification code of a household) · ATK (a code of pagast) · ADDRESS (address of a household) · GROUP (category of a household/farm)
The structure of the Person Table is: · ID (a unique identification code of a household) · NAME (name of person) · SURNAME (surname of person) · PCODE (a unique person identification code) · RELAT (relations to the head of household) · SEX (sex of a person) · BDATE (a birth date of person)
Relations between two main tables are established using the key variable ID.
There were two other tables made - the Territory Table and the Table of Relationship to the head of household. The Territory Table contains information on pagast or town code and the name of this administrative territory. The Relationship Table contains the code of a relationship of person to the head of household and the description of this relationship.
This structure allows to fix a snapshot of situation in pagast but does not allow to trace changes. The data entry program performed the following checks during the data entry process: · wrong person identification code entered in order to reduce the number of typing errors; · wrong relationship to the head of household (two wives/husbands, two mothers, etc.).
The data entry program performed also the following user activated checks: · wrong person identification code (if the person identification code is wrong in the household sheet it is necessary to contact such person); · there is no person identification code in the household sheet; · duplicates of person identification codes (two persons have the same person identification code, the same person is registered in two different pagasts, etc.).
It was find out from the pilot study that on a country level more appropriate is to use the variables ID and ATK as a primary key of the Household data table. It is planned that relations between two main tables will be established using key variables ID and ATK.
At the moment the further improvement of the Household data management program is continued in order to have possibility to trace the changes (births, death, movements, etc.) in household situation.
During the Pilot study the data entry of household register was done in the regional offices of the CSB. The same approach is planned to use during the main project.
3.2. Land Cadaster Register
For carrying out the Pilot project specialists from the Land Cadaster prepared the data files for two districts (Balvi and Talsi district). Since the Land Cadaster is using the DBMS ORACLE data files were received as MS EXCEL files containing all necessary data (see Annex 4). A serious drawback of the received files was the presence of many empty cells for several variables. In most of cases it was necessary to use a value of a previous record for empty cell of a field. Nevertheless, it was not so for all fields. This was the reason why some additional land properties were wrongly pre-printed in questionnaires of some households during the Pilot project. In some cases the area of land was not given in hectares but in square meters, too. The database of the Land Cadaster did not always contain addresses of owners/users.
3.3. Creation of data base for pre-printing
Using the Household register and the Land Cadaster data base a new data base was created for pre-printing of questionnaires. Using the person code in the Person Table of the Household register and person code of the Land Cadaster data base these two data bases were merged and a new data base was obtained. The obtained database together with the Household Table of the Household register was used for pre-printing of questionnaires “A”.
There were cases when the person having a land within one of the six pagasts was not living in the corresponding pagast or was not found in the Household Register. The addresses of such persons as well as all persons having land properties within two pagasts where the second approach was applied were received from the Population Register. The fixed ASCII file containing the information on person name, surname, person identification code, and dummy variable was given to the Population Register. A @ delimited text file containing the initial information as well as the postal address of each person, his/her status (alive, dead, emigrated, etc.), and telephone. A postal address of a person was received also in the case if person is living abroad.
Using the person code in the Population register data file and person code of the Land Cadaster data base these two data bases were merged and a new data base was obtained. The obtained database was used for pre-printing of questionnaires “B”.
3.4. Pre-printing
The special program for pre-printing in MS ACCESS was made for each type of questionnaires (“A” and “B”).
In questionnaires “A” the pre-printed information consisted of · name of the head of household and the postal address of a household; · for each household member of age 16 years and over: (i) the person code, (ii) surname and name; · for each land property/usage of some household member: (iii) status of a parcel (property, joint property, usage), (iv) name and address of land property, (v) total area of land property (all areas in hectares), (vi) area of arable land and garden, (vii) area of pasture and meadow;
In questionnaires “B” the pre-printed information consisted of · name of the owner/user of land parcel and his/her postal address; · in the table containing information about household members: (i) the person code of owner/user of land parcel, (ii) his/her surname and name; · in the table containing information about land properties/usage of household members for each property/usage of the addressee: (iii) status of a parcel (property, joint property, usage), (iv) name and address of land property, (v) total area of land property (all areas in hectares), (vi) area of arable land and garden, (vii) area of pasture and meadow;
The pre-printing was made on HP LASER JET 4V. Two identical copies of each questionnaire were pre-printed. The theoretical speed of a printer is 16 pages per minute. In practice the speed was approximately equal to 10 pages per minute (including paper loading, paper jams, etc.). The total number of pre-printed questionnaires was 6162 in the first wave of Pilot study. It took approximately 3 person days. Such approach was good enough for a Pilot study but for the main project it is necessary to use a more appropriate printing device.
The printing of questionnaires for the Pilot study was made in two series therefore some deviations appeared. Thus small correction was necessary to make in the pre-printing program.
4. Organisation of the field work
Agricultural and environmental statistics section of the CSB managed the pilot project on building the Farm Register and organised training on this matter.
CSB pre-printed information in the questionnaires “A” and “B” (see Section 3) and printed addresses (of corresponding district statistical office) on small envelopes to get back filled in questionnaires. Questionnaires “A” were pre-printed for all households (living in 6 pagasts) where at least one of household members has a land property. Addresses were taken from household register of corresponding pagast computerised before it. Questionnaires “B” were pre-printed for all other persons having land property/usage within one of 8 pagasts where Pilot-study took place. Addresses were taken from the Population Register.
Two copies of questionnaire “A”, a letter signed by the President of the CSB, instructions to fill-in this questionnaire and an empty envelope were put in the envelopes with windows divided among interviewers. Two copies of questionnaire “B”, a letter signed by the President of the CSB, instructions to fill-in this questionnaire and an envelope with a stamp and with the address of the district’s statistical office were put in the envelopes with windows sent by post (from CSB). Exception was those questionnaires “B”, what addressee belongs to one of 8 pagasts or two district centers. These questionnaires were divided among interviewers, too. The design of questionnaire “A” and “B” and pre-printing of address was made in such a way that only address was possible to see in the window of envelope.
Interviews were taken in 8 pagasts and 2 district centers.
Pilot-study by post was realised: · for people who live out of pagasts and district centers; · for people who live abroad. Questionnaires were sent exactly by the CSB.
Interviews were realised by 10 interviewers. District statistical offices had to choose proper employee and to organise instruction how to realise this fieldwork. District statistical offices of the CSB involved in this work employees from local administration, employees from Land Cadastre centers or organisations from the Agriculture Ministry who knew local circumstances and who had been got faithfulness of local people.
Employees of District statistical offices entered labour contracts with persons involved in this fieldwork. There were entered labour contracts regarding interviews, data checking and recommitment to employees of District statistical offices. In case of need explanation work was done for people how to fill-in these questionnaires.
Supervision and managing in districts was organised by employees of District statistical offices who were responsible for process of interviews in pagasts. Employees of District statistical offices received filled in questionnaires by post. CSB received weekly information on the process of building the Farm Register. Data analysis and sending of reminding letters was done by the CSB for the first time on 17 July but for the second time on 31 July. New printed questionnaire, a letter and an envelope with address of District statistical office were put in these reminding letters. New questionnaires for those who did not respond to the both reminding letters were printed out on 20 August and given to pagasts to receive information on land.
Data input for the Farm Register was done in District statistical offices of the CSB and than data was sent to the CSB. CSB realised logical control to confirm rented land area with land area leased.
During the next step questionnaires were sent to the local administration in pagasts and to legal persons who has agricultural land in disposition. CSB received answers and at present information is in the stage of processing.
5. Data verification and data entry
Data entry program of household register is described in section 3.1.
Data entry program of questionnaires “A” and “B” contained some data checks: · if the sum of area of arable land, garden, pasture and meadow does not exceed the total area of land · if the rented out total area of arable land and garden does not exceed the total area of arable land and garden · if the rented out total area of pasture and meadow does not exceed the total area of pasture and meadow · if the entered person identification code is correct one.
Data entry program ensures correct moves from field to field according to the values of entered variables. Data entry program was searching the code of administrative territory when the name of territory was partially entered. The data entry program for two questionnaires “A” and “B” were similar. The only difference was that two extra fields (“village” and “postal code”) were used for questionnaire “B”.
6. structure of Farm register in Pilot Project
During the Pilot project the farm register was represented by the following tables (“bold” variables are used as a key variable):
1. Holding (household) table · ATK - code of the administrative territory · NR - identification code of holding within whole administrative district · ADR - address of holding · MGR - group of holding · VERT - group of economic value of production · VEIDS - type of production · KDAT - the date of last updating In order to prepare pre-printing of “B” questionnaires two extra variables were used: · CIEMS - village · PIND - postal code
2. Person table · NR - identification code of holding within whole administrative district · VARDS - name of person · UZV - surname of person · PKODS - a unique person identification code
3. Table of land parcels (properties/usage’s) · NR - identification code of holding within whole administrative district · ATK - code of the administrative territory that land parcel belongs to · IKL - ownership status of land parcel (property/joint property/usage) · KOP - total size of land parcel · AR - area of arable land and garden · PG - area of pasture and meadow · ADR - address of land parcel · IPKODS - person identification code of owner/user · FJN - status of renter (physical/juridical person) · NAR - size of rented arable land and garden (here and below for each renter) · NPG - size of rented pasture and meadow · JKODS - registration code of juridical renter · JNOS - name of juridical renter · FPKODS - person identification code of physical renter · FVARDS - name of physical renter · FUZV - surname of physical renter · FATK - code of the administrative territory of renter · NADR - address of renter
4. Table of land parcels rented from others · NR - identification code of holding within whole administrative district · NATK - code of the pagast that rented land parcel belongs to · NNOS - name of rented land parcel · NPLAT - total size of rented land · NARD - area of rented arable land and garden · NPG - area of rented pasture and meadow · IFJ - a status of owner (physical/juridical person) · ADR - address of rented land parcel · IJURN - registration code of juridical owner · IJNOS - name of juridical owner · IPKODS - person identification code of owner · IVARDS - name of physical owner · IUZV - surname of physical owner · IATK - code of the administrative territory of owner · IADR - address of owner
7. Data analysis
The information on total number of questionnaires “A” and “B” as well as total number of remainders distributed among interviewers and sent via post is given in the Table 1.
Table 1 Distribution of questionnaires and remainders
An additional study was made for those cases where Questionnaires “B” were not received back at 15 of August. These questionnaires were pre-printed again and sent to the administration of corresponding pagast. Altogether 110 such Questionnaires “B” were send to pagast administration in Balvi district and 47 Questionnaires “B” were send to pagast administration in Talsi district. As a result in Balvi district the information on questions about owner/user of land included in questionnaires “B” was received back in a written form from pagast administration in 100% cases. In Talsi district only in 4 cases pagast administration could not give the information on the owner/user of land.
The dynamic of responses during the Pilot-study is shown in the Table 2.
table 2 Dynamic of responses during the pilot-study
1) Questionnaires collected by interviewer 2) Questionnaires received via post
The different types of errors as well as their frequencies discovered during the Pilot-study in the Household Register, Population Register and Land Cadaster Register are summarised in the Tables 3-5. table 3 Person data error in Household Register, number of cases (only for persons of age 16 years and over pre-printed in Questionnaires “A”)
table 4 Person data error in population Register, number of cases (only for persons of age 16 years and over pre-printed in Questionnaires “B”)
table 5 error in land cadaster, number of cases (only for land properties/usage pre-printed in Questionnaires “A” and “B”)
In the Table 6 data on land area of 8 pagasts collected during the Pilot study is compared with the corresponding published data of Land Cadaster as well as with data calculated from the data base received from Land Cadaster at the beginning of Pilot study. In the row “Physical persons” the total area of land properties/usage of physical persons plus the total area of land rented from other persons or from pagast minus total area of land rented out to other physical/juridical persons is shown. In the row “Juridical persons” the total area of land properties/usage of juridical persons plus the total area of land rented from other persons or from pagast is shown. In the Pilot study there was no one case of renting out the land property/usage of juridical person to other physical/juridical persons. In the row “State land and Pagast land” the total area of land parcels that are administrated by Pagast minus total area of land rented out to physical/juridical persons is shown.
Altogether there are 10 juridical persons having land properties/usage in 4 pagasts of Balvi district and only 3 juridical persons having land properties/usage in 4 pagasts of Talsi district. Besides in Talsi district there are 5 juridical persons that have not their own land properties/usage but are cultivating land rented from physical persons. There were only few cases of renting out land properties/usage of physical persons in Balvi district. At the same time there are large areas of Pagast land that is not rented and cultivated by any physical/juridical person.
table 6 comparing of land balance in pilot-study data with land cadaster data, in hectares
table 6 (continued)
In the Tables 7-9 the distribution of the number of land properties/ usage by residence territory of owner/user is summarised. Land properties/ usage outside 8 pagast where the Pilot-study took place belonging to the surveyed households are included, too.
table 7 distribution of land properties/ usage by territory of owner (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
Tables 8-9 show areas of agricultural land (including cases where land does not belong to 8 pagasts) that are rented out or rented by households surveyed during Pilot project.
table 8 area of rented out agricultural land by territory of land, in hectares (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
table 9 area of rented land by territory of land, in hectares (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
Table 10 contains the information on households having land area of at least 1 hectare that do not have agricultural land.
table 10 distribution of households having not agricultural land by territory of household, number of cases (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
In the Tables 11-13 distribution of area of land properties and usage by the territory of residence of owner/user is presented. Those cases where land does not belong to 8 pagasts are also included. table 11 distribution of areas of land joint properties/properties/usage by the residence territory of household, in hectares (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
table 12 distribution of areas of land properties by the residence territory of household, in hectares (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
table 13 distribution of areas of land usage by the residence territory of household, in hectares (only for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
In the Tables 14-15 distribution of area of land properties and usage by the territory of residence of owner/user is presented. Those cases where land does not belong to 8 pagasts are not included.
table 14 distribution of areas of land properties within 4 pagasts by the residence territory of owner, in hectares (for physical persons surveyed during pilot study)
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